Clinical observation on wrist-ankle acupuncture for shoulder-hand syndrome phaseⅠafter stroke / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To compare the clinical efficacy between wrist-ankle acupuncture and conventional acupuncture on shoulder-hand syndrome (SHS) phaseⅠafter stroke.@*METHODS@#A total of 64 patients with SHS phaseⅠafter stroke were randomized into a wrist-ankle acupuncture group and a conventional acupuncture group, 32 cases in each group. On the basis treatment of internal medicine and conventional rehabilitation, wrist-ankle acupuncture was applied at upper 4 area, upper 5 area and upper 6 area on the affected side in the wrist-ankle acupuncture group, while acupuncture was applied at Jianyu (LI 15), Quchi (LI 11), Shousanli (LI 10), etc. on the affected side in the conventional acupuncture group. The treatment was given 30 min each time, once a day, 5 days a week for 3 weeks in both groups. Before and after treatment, the visual analogue scale (VAS) score, degree of hand swelling, shoulder-hand syndrome scale (SHSS) score, Fugl-Meyer assessment for upper extremity (FMA-UE) score and modified Barthel index (MBI) score were observed, and the clinical therapeutic effect was evaluated in both groups.@*RESULTS@#After treatment, the VAS scores, degree of hand swelling and SHSS scores were decreased (P<0.05), and the FMA-UE scores and MBI scores were increased (P<0.05) compared before treatment in both groups; in the wrist-ankle acupuncture group, the VAS score, degree of hand swelling and SHSS score were lower (P<0.05), and the FMA-UE score and MBI score were higher (P<0.05) than those in the conventional acupuncture group. The total effective rate was 96.9% (31/32) in the wrist-ankle acupuncture group, which was superior to 90.6% (29/32) in the conventional acupuncture group (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Wrist-ankle acupuncture can effectively relieve pain and hand swelling, improve motor function of upper extremity and self-care ability of daily life in patients with shoulder-hand syndrome phaseⅠafter stroke, the therapeutic effect is superior to conventional acupuncture.

Post-stroke shoulder-hand syndrome of phlegm-stasis obstruction treated with the combined therapy of eye acupuncture, Tengliao and rehabilitation training: a multi-central randomized controlled trial / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To assess the efficacy on relieving pain and improving the range of motion of shoulder joint in post-stroke shoulder-hand syndrome of phlegm-stasis obstruction in treatment of the combined therapy of eye acupuncture, Tengliao (Chinese herbal warm dressing technique) and rehabilitation training (eye acupuncture + Tengliao + rehabilitation) as compared with the combined treatment of Tengliao and rehabilitation training (Tengliao + rehabilitation) and the simple rehabilitation training (rehabilitation).@*METHODS@#A total of 356 patients with post-stroke shoulder-hand syndrome of phlegm-stasis obstruction were randomized into an eye acupuncture + Tengliao + rehabilitation group (group A, 122 cases, 2 cases dropped off), a Tengliao + rehabilitation group (group B, 120 cases, 3 cases dropped off) and a rehabilitation group (group C, 114 cases, 1 case dropped off). In the group C, the basic treatment was combined with routine rehabilitation training. In the group B, on the base of the treatment as the group C, Tengliao was exerted. A medical bag composed of over 20 Chinese herbal materials was heated and dressed at the affected area, 30 min each time, 5 times weekly. In the group A, besides the treatment as the group B, eye acupuncture was applied to heart region, kidney region, upper jiao region and lower jiao region, 30 min each time, 5 times weekly. The treatment lasted 28 days in all of three groups. Separately, before treatment, in 7, 14, 21 and 28 days of treatment, as well as in 14 days after treatment of follow-up, the score of visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain, the score of guides to evaluation of permanent impairment (GEPI) and the score of National Institutes of Health stroke scale (NIHSS) were observed in each group.@*RESULTS@#The scores of VAS, GEPI and NIHSS were all improved with the treatment lasting in the three groups (P<0.000 1). In 7, 14, 21 and 28 days of treatment and in follow-up as well, VAS scores in the group A were all lower than the group C (P<0.05). After 14 days of treatment, GEPI score showed increasing trend, while NIHSS score showed decreasing trend in the group A compared with the group B. Before treatment, GEPI score was lower and NIHSS score was higher in the group A compared with the group C (P<0.05). It was suggested that the illness was slightly serious in the group A. After propensity score matching, in 14, 21 and 28 days as well as in follow-up, GEPI scores in the group A were higher than the group C respectively (P<0.05). Regarding NIHSS score at each time point, the difference had no statistical significance between the group A and the group C (P>0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#The combined therapy of eye acupuncture, Tengliao and rehabilitation training obtains a better efficacy on post-stroke shoulder-hand syndrome of phlegm-stasis obstruction as compared with rehabilitation training.

WANG Ju-yi's meridian diagnosis method combined with Bobath rehabilitation training for post-stroke shoulder-hand syndrome typeⅠ / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To compare the clinical efficacy differences between WANG Ju-yi 's meridian diagnosis method combined with Bobath rehabilitation training and Bobath rehabilitation training alone for post-stroke shoulder-hand syndrome (SHS) typeⅠ.@*METHODS@#A total of 106 patients with post-stroke SHS typeⅠwere randomly divided into an observation group (53 cases, 2 cases dropped off ) and a control group (53 cases, 3 cases dropped off ). The patients in the both groups were treated with medications for basic diseases and conventional acupuncture at Waiguan (TE 5), Shousanli (LI 10) and Jianyu (LI 15) on the affected side. In addition, the patients in the control group were treated with Bobath rehabilitation training, 20 minutes each time; on the basis of the control group, the patients in the observation group were treated with WANG Ju-yi's meridian diagnosis method to adjust the abnormal parts in meridians of the hand taiyin and hand yangming on the affected side, 20 minutes each time. Both groups were treated once a day, 5 times a week for 8 weeks. The scores of visual analogue scale (VAS), upper-limb Fugl-Meyer assessment (FMA) and Barthel index (BI) were recorded before and after treatment as well as 6 weeks after treatment (follow-up), and the clinical efficacy of the two groups was evaluated after treatment.@*RESULTS@#Compared before treatment, the VAS scores were reduced and the scores of upper-limb FMA and BI were increased in the two groups after treatment and in the follow-up (P<0.05). The VAS score in the observation group was lower than that in the control group (P<0.05), and the scores of upper-limb FMA and BI in the observation group were higher than those of the control group (P<0.05). The total effective rate in the observation group was 82.4% (42/51), which was higher than 62.0% (31/50) in the control group (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#WANG Ju-yi 's meridian diagnosis method combined with Bobath rehabilitation training could effectively treat post-stroke SHS typeⅠ, reduce pain symptoms and improve joint motor dysfunction, and improve the quality of life. Its curative effect is better than Bobath rehabilitation training alone.

Terapia de oxigenación hiperbárica en el tratamiento del dolor / Hyperbaric oxygenation therapy in pain treatment

El dolor crónico constituye un reto terapéutico especial. Se presenta una revisión narrativa sobre el papel del tratamiento de oxigenación hiperbárica (TOHB) en el tratamiento del dolor neuropático, y sus aplicaciones en dolor crónico, síndromes neurosensitivos disfuncionales y oncodolor. El conocimiento de las indicaciones de TOHB en algiología y su aplicación en la práctica médica puede contribuir a mejorar la calidad de vida del paciente. (AU)

Chronic pain represents a special therapeutic challenge. We present a narrative review on the role of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy (HBOT) in the treatment of neuropathic pain, and its applications in chronic pain, dysfunctional neurosensitive syndromes and oncological pain. The knowledge of the indications of HBOT in algiology and its application in medical practice can contribute to improve the quality of life of the patient. (AU)

Calcific tendonitis and reflex sympathetic dystrophy in a patient with bilateral frozen shoulder syndrome

Calcific tendonitis is a common painful syndrome of the shoulder region that affects mainly women of 40 to 60 years of age. It usually remains asympatomatic at the early stages and in some patients, but produces severe and sometimes protracted pain during the resolution phase. Complex regional pain syndrome [CRPS] and the "frozen shoulder" syndrome are the main entities that need to be considered in the differential diagnosis of the syndrome. Although there are specific criteria to diagnose any of these painful syndromes but occasionally some of these may co-exist and make diagnosis and appropriate treatment quite a challenging task. We present a case with bilateral calcific tendonitis of the shoulders, complicated with causalgia and reflex sympathetic dystrophy [RSD] syndrome that make the two arms of the CRPS. After failure of the conservative treatment [e.g., non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medications, opioids, physiotherapy, intra-articular steroids] to treat both pain and causalgia, we applied repetitive trials of electroacupuncture together with auricular acupuncture and one trial of intravenous regional anesthesia. The patient gradually responded to treatment and regained normal, painless mobility of the shoulders. She returned to normal life activities after five years of debilitating pain in both of her shoulders. We believe that electroacupuncture deserves further clinical research in painful musculoskeletal disorders like calcific tendonitis

Síndrome de dolor regional complejo / Complex regional pain synndrome

El Síndrome de Dolor Regional Complejo (SDRC) es una enfermedad crónica, que se caracteriza por dolor y alteraciones sensitivas, motoras y autonómicas, a menudo sigue a trauma de un miembro, su curso es variable y, tanto su fisiopatología como el tratamiento, no están claramente establecidos. El objetivo de esta revisión es presentar una actualización de los aspectos generales de la enfermedad y mostrar parte de la evidencia existente en relación a las alternativas terapéuticas de la misma, tanto las conservadoras como las intervencionales. Es importante tener en consideración algunos puntos que limitan el objetivo de obtención de evidencia de buena calidad para el tratamiento de este síndrome. Lo primero es que el diagnóstico es clínico y los criterios para realizarlo han variado en el tiempo. Segundo, es la ausencia de criterios estandarizados para medir los resultados al tratamiento. Y, por último, ya que se trata de un síndrome crónico cuya manifestación principal es el dolor, existe respuesta a placebo...

The Regional Pain Syndrome Complex (CRPS ) is a chronic disease, which is characterized by pain and sensory, motor and autonomic disturbances, often follows trauma, the course and the pathophysiology are variable. The aim of this review is to provide an update on the general aspects of the disease and show the evidence in relation to therapeutic alternatives...

Terapia com caixa de espelhos na síndrome dolorosa regional complexa tipo I / Mirror box therapy in the complex regional pain syndrome type I

A Síndrome dolorosa regional complexa (SDRC) tipo I é um quadro de dor neuropática, que afeta, sobretudo as extremidades dos membros após evento traumático e/ou período de imobilização, na ausência de lesão nervosa. Para além da dor, as características clínicas incluem alterações vasomotoras regionais e freqüentemente limitação da mobilidade da extremidade envolvida. Não está totalmente esclarecida a sua causa e existem poucos consensos em relação ao tratamento ideal. A caixa de espelhos é uma modalidade terapêutica baseada no feedback visual, como forma de construção de uma nova imagem mental do membro afetado, promovendo a reorganização cortical. Esta técnica tem sido utilizada na recuperação motora ou no controlo da dor em situações como o acidente vascular cerebral e o SDRC tipo I.

Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) type I is a neuropathic pain condition, commonly affecting a limb extremity after a traumatic event and/or a period of immobilization, in the absence of nerve injury. Besides pain, the clinical features include regional vasomotor alterations and usually a decreased range of motion in the affected extremity. Its actual cause remains somewhat obscure and there are few agreements on optimal treatment. The mirror box is a therapeutic approach based on visual feedback as a way to achieve a new mental imagery of the affected limb by promoting cortical reorganization. This approach has been used for the motor recovery or pain relief in conditions such as stroke or type-I CRPS.

Síndrome del dolor regional complejo / Complex regional pain syndrome

El síndrome de dolor regional complejo (SDRC) es una neuropatía crónica dolorosa progresiva con disfunción del sistema nervioso autónomo, desmineralizacion ósea y debilidad muscular; cuya aparición se asocia a algún evento traumático (fractura, cirugía o evento cardiovascular, etc.). Su diagnostico es fundamentalmente por interrogatorio y examen físico y se basa en el reconocimiento de algunas de las tres etapas clínicas clásicamente descriptas, predominando en las tempranas el dolor y los cambios autonómicos, y en las tardías, la atrofia y la pérdida de la funcionalidad. El pronóstico de la enfermedad es mejor cuando el diagnóstico es precoz (ej. durante la primera etapa) lo que minimiza las secuelas en el largo plazo. El tratamiento es interdisciplinario, siendo clave proporcionar alivio al dolor y la participación de personal entrenado en rehabilitación neuromuscular y/u ocupacional, con el objetivo de preservar y recuperar la funcionalidad perdida.

Os efeitos da estimulação magnética transcraniana repetitiva (EMTr) aplicada sobre o córtex motor de pacientes com síndrome complexa de dor regional / The effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (r-TMS) over the motor cortex on complex regional pain syndrome patients

Introdução e objetivos: Estudos recentes sugerem que a estimulação magnética transcraniana repetitiva (EMTr) aplicada sobre o córtex motor é eficaz no tratamento analgésico de doentes com dor crônica. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os efeitos da aplicação da EMTr sobre o córtex motor, utilizada como co-intervenção terapêutica no tratamento de pacientes com síndrome complexa de dor regional (SCDR) refratária aos tratamentos convencionais. Métodos: Vinte e três doentes com SCDR na mão foram distribuídos aleatoriamente em dois grupos de tratamentos para receberem o tratamento padrão (analgésicos, medicações adjuvantes e terapia física) associado a dez sessões diárias e consecutivas de EMTr rápida ou estimulação magnética placebo (EMTp), aplicadas sobre a região correspondente ao córtex motor da mão acometida. Os grupos foram comparados em relação aos aspectos epidemiológicos, apresentação clínica da doença, intensidade da dor, alterações do humor, qualidade de vida e função do membro acometido até noventa dias após a conclusão do tratamento, utilizando-se de entrevistas estruturadas, da escala visual analógicas de dor (EVA), do questionário de dor de McGuill (QM), do questionário PIQ-6 (Pain Inpact Questionnaire), do questionário DASH (Disabilities of Arm, Shoulder and Hand), do questionário SF-36 e dos questionários Hamilton para ansiedade e depressão. Resultados: Ocorreu redução significativa dos escores da EVA no grupo tratado com EMTr durante o tratamento, que durou até o sétimo dia após o encerramento das aplicações (p<0.05). A redução média da EVA no grupo tratado com EMTr foi de 4.65 cm (redução de 50.9% dos escores de dor), estatisticamente superior ao grupo tratado com placebo, no qual a redução foi de 2.18 cm (redução de 24.7%). A diminuição dos escores de dor na EVA foi independente de outras variáveis em estudo, exceto pela melhora no domínio sete do questionário SF-36 (aspectos emocionais). Conclusões: A aplicação de EMTr rápida sobre a...

Background and aims: There are many evidences that repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (r-TMS) of the motor cortex is effective in relief of chronic pain. The aim of this study was to evaluate the analgesic effects of r-TMS in patients with refractory CRPS. Methods: Twenty-three patients presenting with complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) of the hand were randomly selected and treated with conventional treatment (analgesics, adjuvant medications and physical therapy) plus sham-TMS or r-TMS to the motor cortex opposite the affected limb: 100% MT, 10 hz, 10 s trains, 25 trains daily, 10 daily sessions. The Visual Analogical Scale of Pain (VAS), McGill Questionnaire, Pain Impact Questionnaire (PIQ-6), Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand Questionnaire (DASH), Hamilton Depression and Anxiety Rating Scales and SF-36 Questionnaire were the instruments used for the evaluation. The groups were comparable with regards to socio-demographics, mood and pain intensity. Evaluations were performed before, during TMS treatment and up to three months the end of the treatment. Results: There was a significant reduction in VAS scores favoring the r-TMS group up to the seventh follow-up day (p <0.05). The mean reduction in the rTMS group was of 4.65 cm (fall of 50.9%) against 2.18 cm (fall of 24.7%) in sham group during treatment. Improvement in VAS scores was independent of other variables, except for improvement in emotional aspects in the SF-36. Conclusions: During r-TMS sessions there was significant and positive improvement in pain experience of CRPS patients regardless of mood, function or quality of life effects.

Drenaje linfatico manual, como parte del tratamiento en el síndrome del dolor regional complejo tipo I de extremidad superior / Manual lymphatic drainage in the treatment of complex regional pain syndrome type I of upper extremity

Síndrome de Dolor Regional Complejo Tipo -1 (SDRC- 1) constituye un conjunto de manifestaciones clínicas que se caracterizan, por dolor e impotencia funcional. Se relacionan con trastornos vasomotores intensos y prolongados, entre ellos edema y con alteraciones tróficas que afectan a parte o la totalidad de un miembro. El origen traumático es la causa más frecuente de SDRC - 1, aunque también puede desarrollarse a partir de una complicación iatrogénica de un tratamiento quirúrgico o médico. En el SDRC 1 se presenta un funcionamiento alterado del sistema nervioso simpático, lo cual produce una alteración vasomotora que contribuirá a la formación de un edema local de tipo mixto. El Drenaje Linfático Manual (Leduc) podría incorporarse dentro de un plan de tratamiento de esta patología. Con el DLM se pretende disminuir el edema, con lo que se atenuaría parte del dolor que presenta el paciente, ya que se lograría reducir, por un lado el estímulo mecánico que genera una presión anormal en los tejidos blandos de la extremidad afectada y el estímulo químico, causado por la acumulación de metabolitos en estos tejidos. Con esto se podría obtener mejores resultados en el tratamiento del SDRC 1.

The Complex Regional Pain Syndrome Tipe- I (SDRC-I) constitutes a set of clinical manifestations that are characterized, by pain and functional impotence. Theyare related to intense and prolonged vasomotors upheavals, among them edema and with trophics alterations that affect to a part or the totality of a member. The traumatic origin is the most frequent cause of SDRC- 1, although also can be developed from a iatrogenic complication of a surgical or medical treatment. In SDRC- I an altered operation of the likeable nervous system appears, which produces a vasomotor alteration that will contribute to the formation of a local edema of mixed type. The Manual Lymphatic Drainage (Leduc) could be gotten up within a plan of treatment of this pathology. With the DLM it is tried to diminish the edema, with which part of the pain that the patient presents would be attenuated, since it would be reduced, on one hand the mechanical stimulus that generates an abnormal pressure in soft weaves of the affected extremity and the chemical stimulus, caused by the accumulation of metabolitos in these weaves. With this it would be possible to obtain better results in the treatment of SDRC- 1.

Impact of three-phase bone scintigraphy on the diagnosis and treatment of complex regional pain syndrome type I or reflex sympathetic dystrophy

To determine the impact of three-phase bone scintigraphy [TPBS] on the diagnosis and management of complex regional pain syndrome type I [CRPSI] or reflex sympathetic dystrophy [RSD]. Twenty consecutive patients with a recent clinical evidence of CRPSI were referred for TPBS as part of their routine management plan. All patients underwent neurological examinations with special attention to the evaluation of clinical features of vasomotor, sudomotor, motor and sensory dysfunction. Patients were followed prospectively. When both the clinical and TPBS results supported the diagnosis of CRPSI, patients were started on treatment. Of the 20 patients, TPBS supported the diagnosis of RSD in 9 who were treated with steroids and physiotherapy. Complete follow-up was available for 7 of them and all had a satisfactory response to treatment. For the remaining 11 patients RSD was diagnosed clinically but not confirmed by TPBS. On follow-up there was no evidence that TPBS failed to identify RSD in these 11 patients. The results indicate that TPBS confirmed the clinical diagnosis of RSD, and, more importantly, had a significant impact on its management.

Contribuição da terapia ocupacional no tratamento da síndrome dolorosa complexa regional do tipo I – uma melhora na qualidade de vida / Occupational therapy contribution to the treatment of complex regional pain syndromes I – improvement in quality of life

Este estudo de caso, descritivo, visa contribuir no tratamento da Síndrome Dolorosa Complexa Regional do tipo I, objetivando a melhora da função e adaptação do indivíduo para o desempenho das atividades básicas e instrumentais da vida diária, significando portanto, melhorar a qualidade de vida e não apenas aliviar a dor. Como instrumentos de avaliação foram utilizados os monofilamentos de Sermmes-Weinstein para avaliação da função sensitiva: o Questionário Genérico de Avaliação de Qualidade de Vida SF-36; Goniometria, para verificação da amplitute de movimento e a escala de mensuração da força muscular de Kendall. As atividades laborativas e as simulações das atividades básicas e instrumentais da vida diária estimularem a recuperação da força, a coordenação motora e a destreza dos segmentos lesados. Aliados a esta intervenção ocorreram adoção de atitudes encorajadoras em relação ao indivíduo e aos cuidadores, melhorando, conseqüentemente sua qualidade de vida; aumentando escores nos domínios físicos, dor, estado geral de saúde, vitalidade, aspectos emocionais e saúde mental.

Bloqueos terapéuticos en dolor mantenido por el simpático / Therapeutic blockades in maintained pain for the simpathic nervous system

Se realiza una revisión de los estados dolorosos en que tienen participación las vías simpáticas el sistema nervioso autónomo: en la mediación del dolor (dolor mediado por el simpático) o en la mantención de éste (dolor mantenido por el simpático), considerando la evidencia clínica y experimental con los bloqueos de las vías autonómicas en el control de este tipo de dolor. Se analiza la utilidad de estas técnicas en síndrome de dolor regional complejo tipo 1, herpes zoster y neuralgia post herpética, dolor de miembro fantasma y dolor visceral de origen oncológico.

It is carried out a revision of the painful states with participation of the sympathetic pathways of the autonomic nervous system: in the mediation of the pain (sympathetically mediated pain) or in the maintention of this (simpathetically maintained pain), considering the clinical and experimental evidence that indicate the beneficial effects with the interruption of autonomic pathways in the control of this type of pain. were analyzed this techniques in complex regional pain syndrome type 1, herpes zoster and post-herpetic neuralgia, phantom limb pain and visceral pain of oncology origin.

Distrofia simpático-reflexa / Reflex sympathetic dystrophy

OBJETIVO: Descrever as características clínicas, laboratoriais e terapêuticas de oito crianças com distrofia simpático-reflexa. DESCRIÇAO: Foram analisados retrospectivamente oito casos de distrofia simpático-reflexa. O diagnóstico foi baseado na presença de dor no segmento distal de um membro, edema local, alterações vasomotoras e de sensibilidade. Dentre os oito pacientes com distrofia simpático-reflexa, dois eram portadores de lúpus eritematoso sistêmico, um de artrite idiopática juvenil e um de trombastenia de Glanzmann. Quatro eram meninas, e a média de idade foi de 11,5 anos. Os membros inferiores foram acometidos na maioria dos pacientes (7/8), e as características clínicas mais marcantes foram dor, edema e alterações vasomotoras da extremidade afetada (7/8), incapacitação funcional (7/8) e alterações de sensibilidade (3/8). A velocidade de hemossedimentação esteve alterada em três pacientes, e a cintilografia músculo-esquelética em cinco. Todos os pacientes receberam antiinflamatórios não-hormonais e fisioterapia, com melhora clínica observada em sete pacientes em até 6 meses de tratamento. Três pacientes foram submetidos à acupuntura, com boa resposta. Um paciente teve curso de difícil controle, tendo recebido antidepressivos tricíclicos e apresentando melhora após mais de 1 ano de tratamento. COMENTARIOS: A distrofia simpático-reflexa é uma doença que deve ser incluída no diagnóstico diferencial das dores em membros na infância, para que se estabeleça o diagnóstico precocemente, evitando-se, assim, prejuízo funcional a médio e longo prazo.

Cirugía reconstructiva en distrofia simpática refleja: revisión de un caso clínico / Reconstructive surgery in reflex sympathetic dysthophy: a clinical case review

La Distrofia Simpática refleja forma parte de un conjunto de signos y síntomas conocidos dentro de la literatura moderna como Síndrome Doloroso Complejo Regional. No es una entidad rara, sin embargo es pobremente entendida por los pacientes, familiares y algunos profesionales de la salud, en vista de que los síntomas son desproporcionadamente mayores a la magnitud de la lesión original, suele ser confundida y mal interpretada atribuyéndose a trastornos de índole psiquiátrico, cuando en realidad los síntomas presentados asocidos a la incapacidad funcional y escasa respuesta a los tratamientos, son en realidad los responsables de muchos cambios en la conducta del individuo afectado. Se presenta un caso clínico en donde posterior al traumatismo se presentaron los síntomas, la paciente ameritó colocación de injerto de piel, el área donante no exacerbo el cuadro original, el tratamiento multidisciplinario sigue siendo la piedra angular en la resolución de estos casos.

Tratamento fisioterapêutico na Distrofia Simpático-reflexa / Physiotherapy in Reflex sympathetic dystrophy

A Distrofia Simpático-Reflexa (DSR) é conhecida como um grupo de sinais e sintomas que ocorrem após lesöes ósseas, nervosas ou de tecidos moles, com dor intensa e desproporcional à lesäo original. Ocorre após uma agressäo ao organismo, e é bastante influenciada pelo sistema límbico, com uma maior predisposiçäo à DSR em pacientes ansiosos e depressivos. O diagnóstico é difícil, porém é essencial para estabelecer o tratamento e para um bom prognóstico de reabilitaçäo. O tratamento tem como objetivo principal a quebra do ciclo vicioso, sendo muitas vezes necessário também o suporte psicológico. A fisioterapia visa o alívio da dor e a prevençäo e reabilitaçäo das alteraçöes do aparelho locomotor e pele

Descompresión intraósea (CORE) y calcitonina en la distrofia simpática refleja de la rótula: revisión de 10 casos. Propuesta de tratamiento / Intraosseus decompression (CORE) and calcitonin in reflex sympathetic dystrophy of the patella: a review of 10 cases and proposal for treatment

En nuestro artículo, hacemos una revisión bibliográfica con relación al diagnóstico y manejo de la distrofia simpática refleja de la rótula, tratando de abarcar los aspectos más relevantes en cuanto a su fisiopatología así como a las distintas propuestas de manejo que para este tipo de patología se han hecho. Asimismo hacemos una propuesta de manejo mediante descompresión intraósea y administración de calcitonina, evaluando los resultados obtenidos en 10 pacientes a los cuales se realizó este procedimiento. La descompresión intraósea, es un procedimiento, inicialmente llevado a cabo por Ficat, en los años 70, conocido como descompresión tipo core, habiendo manejado 15 pacientes, posteriormente abandonando dicha técnica. Nosotros retomamos el procedimiento, con base en los nuevos datos conocidos en la fisiopatología de la distrofia, pero sobretodo por la posibilidad actual de administrar medicamentos como la calcitonina que por otra parte han sido también administrados de manera aislada en este tipo de patología. Los resultados clínicos y radiográficos en nuestros pacientes han sido excelentes, habiendo cambiando por completo el patrón clínico hacia la remisión total, y sobretodo habiendo logrado un cambio radiográfico con una reversión de la osteoporosis en parche en el 100 por ciento de los casos.

Síndrome de dor regional complexa / Complex regional pain syndrome

A síndrome de dor regional complexa constitui-se uma síndrome conseqüente a um evento nocivo qualquer ao sistema nervoso periférico, com ou sem lesäo nervosa demonstrada, e, clinicamente, caracteriza-se por dor, regulaçäo anormal de fluxo sanguíneo e suor, edema da pele e tecido subcutâneo, alteraçöes tróficas, alteraçöes de movimento ativo e passivo, entre outros sinais, que acomete geralmente uma extremidade do corpo. Normalmente näo está restrita ao local do trauma, mas pode estar presente em partes näo traumatizadas da extremidade atingida. Faz-se necessário diagnóstico e tratamento precoces, a fim de que sejam evitadas as alteraçöes irreversíveis no sistema músculo-esquelético que a patologia provoca.